Tuxentius

Tuxentius Larsen, 1982 Pies Pied Pierrots

Tuxentius Larsen, 1982; Biol. Skr. Kong. Danske Vidensk. Selsk. 23 (3): 45; TS: Lycaena melaena Trimen

Tuxentius; [iNaturalist] ; [NHM-BMW]
Tuxentius (Polyommatini); [BK], 233; [AfrL]

Tuxentius calice (Hopffer, 1855)

-. See [maps]

Lycaena calice Hopffer, 1855; Ber. Verh. Akad. Berlin 1855: 642; TL: Mozambique

Castalius calice; Fruhstorfer, 1918, Tijdschr. Ent. 61 (1/2): 22, pl. 4, f. 2; [BOW]: pl. 121, f. 4; [CoL]
Tuxentius calice; [AfrL]; [iNaturalist]

T. c. calice Natal, Transvaal, Rhodesia, Mozambique, Botswana, Zambia, S.Zaire (Shaba), Angola, Malawi, S.Tanzania

Castalius calice calice; Stempffer, 1967, Bull. Br. Mus. nat. Hist. (Ent) Suppl. 10: 211; [BAFR], 547
Tuxentius calice calice; [AfrL]

T. c. gregorii (Butler, 1894) N.Tanzania, Kenya

Castalius gregorii Butler, 1894; Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1894: 568, pl. 36, f. 3; TL: Bondoni and Kapte Plains

Castalius calice gregorii; [BAFR], 547 (text); Stempffer, 1967, Bull. Br. Mus. nat. Hist. (Ent) Suppl. 10: 211; [CoL]
Tuxentius calice gregorii; [BK]: 233, pl. 24, f. 332; [AfrL]
Tuxentius gregorii; [iNaturalist]

Tuxentius ertli (Aurivillius, 1907)

Malawi, Tanzania. See [maps]

Cupido (Castalius) ertli Aurivillius, 1907; Ark. Zool. 3 (19): 3, f. 39

Castalius ertli; Stempffer, 1967, Bull. Br. Mus. nat. Hist. (Ent) Suppl. 10: 211; [BAFR], 547; [CoL]
Tuxentius ertli; [AfrL]; [iNaturalist]

Tuxentius kaffana (Talbot, 1935)

SW.Ethiopia. See [maps]

Castalius ertli kaffana Talbot, 1935; Ent. mon. Mag. 71: 149

Castalius kaffana; Stempffer, 1967, Bull. Br. Mus. nat. Hist. (Ent) Suppl. 10: 212; [BAFR], 548; [CoL]
Tuxentius kaffana; [AfrL]; [iNaturalist]

Tuxentius cretosus (Butler, 1876)

-. See [maps]

Castalius cretosus; [BOW]: pl. 121, f. 5; [CoL]
Tuxentius cretosus; [BK]: 233, pl. 24, f. 333; [AfrL]; [iNaturalist]

T. c. cretosus Kenya (coastal), Ethiopia

Castalius cretosus cretosus; Stempffer, 1967, Bull. Br. Mus. nat. Hist. (Ent) Suppl. 10: 211; [BAFR], 548
Tuxentius cretosus cretosus; [BK], 234 (note); [AfrL]; [iNaturalist]

T. c. lactinatus (Butler, [1886]) Somalia

Castalius lactinatus Butler, [1886]; Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1885 (4): 764, pl. 47, f. 3; TL: Somalia

Castalius cretosus lactinatus; Stempffer, 1967, Bull. Br. Mus. nat. Hist. (Ent) Suppl. 10: 211; [BAFR], 548; [CoL]
Tuxentius cretosus lactinatus; [AfrL]; [iNaturalist]

T. c. usemia (Neave, 1904) N.Kenya, Uganda

cretosus usemia (Neave, 1904) (Castalius); Novit. Zool. 11: 340, pl. 1, f. 11

Castalius cretosus usemia; Stempffer, 1967, Bull. Br. Mus. nat. Hist. (Ent) Suppl. 10: 211; [BAFR], 548 (text); [CoL]
Tuxentius cretosus usemia; [BK], 233 (note); [AfrL]; [iNaturalist]

T. c. nodieri (Oberthür, 1883) Senegal

Lycaena nodieri Oberthür, 1883; Bull. Soc. ent. Fr. (6) 3: xii
Castalius anomalogramma Bethune-Baker, 1911; Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (8) 8 (46): 506
- = Castalius cretosus nodieri; Stempffer, 1967, Bull. Br. Mus. nat. Hist. (Ent) Suppl. 10: 211
- = ; [AfrL]

Castalius cretosus nodieri; Clench, 1965, Mem. Amer. Ent. Soc. 19: 383; Stempffer, 1967, Bull. Br. Mus. nat. Hist. (Ent) Suppl. 10: 211; [BAFR], 548 (text); [CoL]
Tuxentius cretosus nodieri; [AfrL]; [iNaturalist]

Tuxentius melaena (Trimen, 1887)

-. See [maps] Dark Pied Pierrot

Lycaena melaena Trimen, 1887; South-African Butts 2: 82

Castaleus[sic] melaena; [BOW]: pl. 121, f. 9
Castalius melaena; [PBSA]; [CoL]
Tuxentius melaena; [AfrL]; [iNaturalist] ; [LEPIFORUM]

T. m. melaena Natal, Transvaal - Rhodesia, Mozambique, Malawi, Zambia, Tanzania, Kenya, Ethiopia

Castalius melaena melaena; Stempffer, 1967, Bull. Br. Mus. nat. Hist. (Ent) Suppl. 10: 212; [BAFR], 548
Cupido melas[sic, melaena]; Aurivillius, 1924, in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 13: 467
Tuxentius melaena melaena; [BK]: 234, pl. 24, f. 335; [AfrL]; [iNaturalist]

T. m. griqua (Trimen, 1887) Cape

Lycaena griqua Trimen, 1887; South-African Butts 2: 84; TL: South Africa

Castalius melaena griqua; Stempffer, 1967, Bull. Br. Mus. nat. Hist. (Ent) Suppl. 10: 212; [BAFR], 548 (text); [CoL]
Lycaena griqua; [CoL]
Tuxentius melaena griqua; [AfrL]; [iNaturalist]

Tuxentius gabrieli Bálint, 1999

SW.Arabia, Yemen. See [maps]

Tuxentius gabrieli Bálint, 1999; Esperiana 7: 307 (repl. Castalius melaena interruptus Gabriel, 1954); TL: Yemen
Castalius melaena interruptus Gabriel, 1954; Exped. S.W. Arabia 1937-38, 1: 381
- = ; [AfrL]
gabriel Kemal, 1999; Centr. Ent. Stud. Misc. Pap. 59: 7 (repl. Castalius melaena interruptus Gabriel, 1954); TL: Yemen
- = ; [AfrL]

Castalius melaena interruptus; Stempffer, 1967, Bull. Br. Mus. nat. Hist. (Ent) Suppl. 10: 212; [BAFR], 548 (text); [CoL]
Tuxentius gabrieli; [AfrL]; [iNaturalist]
Tuxentius interruptus; [BK], 234 (note)

Tuxentius stempfferi (Kielland, 1976)

Tanzania. See [maps]

Castalius stempfferi Kielland, 1976; Ent. Ber. Amst. 36 (7): 107

Castalius stempfferi; [CoL] ; [iNaturalist]
Tuxentius stempfferi; [BK], 243 (note); [AfrL]; [iNaturalist]

Tuxentius hesperis (Vári, 1976)

South Africa (Viool's Drift). See [maps]

Castalius hesperis Vári, 1976; Ann. Transv. Mus. 30 (13): 133

Castalius hesperis; [CoL]
Tuxentius hesperis; [AfrL]; [iNaturalist]

Tuxentius carana (Hewitson, 1876)

-. See [maps]

Lycaena carana Hewitson, 1876; Ill. exot. Butts [5] (Lycaena): [70], pl. [35], f. 6; TL: Angola

Castalius carana; [CoL]
Tuxentius carana; [AfrL]; [iNaturalist] ; [LEPIFORUM]

T. c. carana Angola, Gabon, Congo Republic, Zaire

Castalius carana carana; Stempffer, 1967, Bull. Br. Mus. nat. Hist. (Ent) Suppl. 10: 211; [BAFR], 548 (text)
Tuxentius carana carana; [AfrL]; [iNaturalist]

T. c. kontu (Karsch, 1893) Guinea - Nigeria

Cupido kontu Karsch, 1893; Berl. ent. Z. 38 (1/2): 227

Castalius carana kontu; Clench, 1965, Mem. Amer. Ent. Soc. 19: 383; Stempffer, 1967, Bull. Br. Mus. nat. Hist. (Ent) Suppl. 10: 211; [BAFR], 548; [CoL]
Tuxentius carana kontu; [AfrL]; [iNaturalist]

Tuxentius margaritaceus (Sharpe, 1892)

Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania, Zambia, Zaire, Camroun. See [maps]

Castalius margaritaceus Sharpe, 1892; Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 1891: 636; TL: Sotik, Kavirondo
Castalius margaritaceus f. phasma Talbot, 1935; Ent. mon. Mag. 71: 148
- = ; [AfrL]

Castalius margaritaceus phasma; [CoL]
Castalius margaritaceus; Stempffer, 1967, Bull. Br. Mus. nat. Hist. (Ent) Suppl. 10: 212; [BOW]: pl. 121, f. 8; [BAFR], 548; [CoL]
Castalius margaritaceus f. phasma; Stempffer, 1967, Bull. Br. Mus. nat. Hist. (Ent) Suppl. 10: 212
Tuxentius margaritaceus margaritaceus; [BK]: 234, pl. 24, f. 334
Tuxentius margaritaceus; [AfrL]; [iNaturalist]

References:

[AJA]
African Journal Archive
[AfrL] Mark C. Williams
Checklist of Afrotropical Papilionoidea and Hesperoidea; Compiled by Mark C. Williams, 7th ed. (2008) (April 2007); Afrototropical Butterflies; e-mail: Mark C. Williams
[BHL] The
Biodiversity Heritage Library; and on; Internet Archive; Note: The linking to the content of Internet Archive is somewhat delicate -- notify me when links break!
[CoL] Catalogue of Life
Bánki, O., Roskov, Y., Döring, M., Ower, G., Hernández Robles, D. R., Plata Corredor, C. A., Stjernegaard Jeppesen, T., Örn, A., Vandepitte, L., Hobern, D., Schalk, P., DeWalt, R. E., Ma, K., Miller, J., Orrell, T., Aalbu, R., Abbott, J., Adlard, R., Aedo, C., et al. (2024). Catalogue of Life Checklist (Version 2024-03-26); https://doi.org/10.48580/dfz8d
[LAMAS-2005] Gerardo Lamas
Entomofauna 26 (6): 57-100; A Bibliography of the Zoological Publications of Hans Fruhstorfer (1886* - 1922+)
[LEPIFORUM]
Lepiforum; Bestimmung von Schmetterlingen (Lepidoptera) und ihren Präimaginalstadien
[NHM-BMW] Natural History Museum
Butterflies and Moths of the World; Generic Names and their Type-species
[iNaturalist]
iNaturalist
[maps]
Warning! The maps are automatically generated from the textual information, and the process does not always produce acceptable result; See about maps for more info.

Some related literature:

Aurivillius, 1907
Diagnosen neuer Lepidopteren aus Afrika Ark. Zool. 3 (19) : 1-7
Aurivillius, 1924
Die Gross-Schmetteringe der Erde; 13 Band; Die Afrikanischen Tagfalter in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 13 : 1-613, pl. 1-80
Bálint, 1999
Lycaenid Butterflies from Yemen (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae) Esperiana 7 : 307-309
Bethune-Baker, 1911
Descriptions of new Species of Lepidoptera from Tropical Africa Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (8) 8 (46) : 506-542
Butler, [1886]
An account of two collections of Lepidoptera recently received from Somali-land Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1885 (4) : 756-776, pl. 47
Butler, 1894
On a collection of Lepidoptera from British East Africa, made by Dr J. W. Gregory between the Moths of March & August 1893 Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1894 : 557-593, pl. 36-37
[BAFR]; D'Abrera, 1980
Butterflies of the Afrotropical Region: -
[PBSA]; Dickson & Kroon, 1978
Pennington's Butterflies of Southern Africa
Clench in Fox, Lindsey, Clench & Miller, 1965
The Butterflies of Liberia Mem. Amer. Ent. Soc. 19 : 1-438
Fruhstorfer, 1918
Revision der Gattung Castalius auf Grund der Morphologie der Generationsorgane Tijdschr. Ent. 61 (1/2) : 17-44, pl. 4-5 (15 July)
Gabriel, 1954
Lepidoptera Rhopalocera. British Museum (Natural History) expedition to south-west Arabia 1937-8 Exped. S.W. Arabia 1937-38, 1 : 351-391
Hewitson, 1876
Illustrations of new species of exotic Butterflies selected chiefly from the collections of W. Wilson Saunders and William C. Hewitson Ill. exot. Butts [5] : (Systematic Index) V, (Anteros): [1-2], pl. [1] (1867), (Erycina & Necyria): [3-4], pl. [2] (1870), (Erycina Symmachia &c): [5-6], pl. [3] (1875), (Necyria & Esthemopsis): [7-8], pl. [4] (1872), (Calydna): [9-10], pl. [5] (1854), (Calydna II): [11-12], pl. [6] (1859), (Theope): [13-14], pl. [7] (1860), (Symmachia): [15-16], pl. [8] (1867), (Symmachia & Charis II): [17-18], pl. [9] (1871), (Charis): [19-20], pl. [10] (1866), (Emesis): [21-22], pl. [11] (1872), (Nymphidium I): [23-24], pl. [12] (1853), (Nymphidium II-III): [25-28], pl. [13-14] (1865), (Nymphidium IV): [29-30], pl. [15] (1871), (Lemonias I): [31-32], pl. [16] (1853), (Lemonias II): [33-34], pl. [17] (1858), (Lemonias III-IV): [35-38], pl. [18-19] (1863), (Lemonias V): [39-40], pl. [20] (1872), (Lemonias & Baeotis): [41-42], pl. [21] (1875), (Lemonias & Baeotis): [43-44], pl. [22] (1874), (Pachythone & Cremna): [45-46], pl. [23] (1873), (Hades, Uraneis, &c): [47-48], pl. [24] (1870), (Limnas I-II): [49-52], pl. [25-26] (1853), (Limnas & Panara): [53-54], pl. [27] (1875), (Limnas &c): [55-56], pl. [28] (1876), (Limnas & Ithomeis): [57-58], pl. [29] (1870), (Chamaelimnas & Ithomiola): [59-60], pl. [30] (1871), (Hermathena &c): [61-62], pl. [31] (1875), (Ogyris): [63-64], pl. [32] (1853), (Pentila & Liptena): [65-66], pl. [33] (1866), (Pentila & Liptena II): [67-68], pl. [34] (1873), (Lycaena): [69-70], pl. [35] (1876), (Pyrrhopyga I-II): [71-74], pl. [36-37] (1857), (Pyrrhopyga): [75-76], pl. [38] (1869), (Pyrrhopyga II-III): [77-80], pl. [39-40] (1871), (Pyrrhopyga IV): [81-82], pl. [41] (1873), (Pyrrhopyga V & Erycides): [83-84], pl. [42] (1875), (Ismene I-II): [85-88], pl. [43-44] (1867), (Eudamus): [89-90], pl. [45] (1873), (Eudamus II-III): [91-94], pl. [46-47] (1875), (Chaetocneme): [95-96], pl. [48] (1874), (Hesperia I-II): [97-100], pl. [49-50] (1867), (Hesperia III): [101-102], pl. [51] (1868), (Hesperia IV): [103-104], pl. [52] (1869), (Hesperia V): [105-106], pl. [53] (1872), (Hesperia V*-VI): [107-110], pl. [54-55] (1873), (Hesperia VII): [111-112], pl. [56] (1876), (Leucochitonea): [113-114], pl. [57] (1869), (Leucochitonea II): [115-116], pl. [58] (1875), (Pterygospidea): [117-118], pl. [59] (1873), (Cyclopides): [119-120], pl. [60] (1874), (Cyclopides & Hesperilla): [121-122], pl. [61] (1874)
Hopffer, 1855
[Lepidoptera Diurna] Ber. Verh. Akad. Berlin 1855 : 639-643
Karsch, 1893
Die Insecten der Berglandschaft Adeli im Hinterlande von Togo (Westafrika). 1. Abtheilung: Apterygota, Odonata, Orthoptera Saltatoria,Lepidoptera Rhopalocera Berl. ent. Z. 38 (1/2) : 1-266, pl. 1-6
Kielland, 1976
Some new and rare Rhopalocera from Tanzania (Lycaenidae, Satyridae) Ent. Ber. Amst. 36 (7) : 105-112
Larsen, 1982
The butterflies of the Yemen Arab Republic (with a review of the species in the Charaxes viola-group from Arabia and East Africa) Biol. Skr. Kong. Danske Vidensk. Selsk. 23 (3) : 1-85
[BK]; Larsen, 1996
The Butterflies of Kenya and their natural history Butterflies of Kenya
[BOW]; Lewis, 1974
Butterflies of the World
Neave, 1904
On a large collection of Rhopalocera from the shores of the Victoria Nyanza Novit. Zool. 11 : 323-363
Oberthür, 1883
[no title] Bull. Soc. ent. Fr. (6) 3 : xi-xiii, [11-13], : xliii, [43], : xlviii, : lxxvi-lxxvii, : lxxxiv, [84], : cxxviii-cxxix, [128-129]
Sharpe, 1892
Descriptions of New Butterflies collected by Mr. F. J. Jackson, F.Z.S:, in British East Africa, during his recent Expedition. - Part I & II Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 1891 : 187-194, pl. 16-17, : 633-638, pl. 48
Stempffer, 1967
The genera of the African Lycaenidae (Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera) Bull. Br. Mus. nat. Hist. (Ent) Suppl. 10 : 1-322
Talbot, 1935
New species and forms of African Lycaenidae Ent. mon. Mag. 71 : 69-78, : 115-127, : 147-153
Trimen, 1887
South-African Butterflies: a monograph of the extra-tropical species. Vol. 2 South-African Butts 2 : 1-242, pl. 7-9
Vári, 1976
South African Lepidoptera 7. Descriptions and notes of new taxa of Rhopalocera Ann. Transv. Mus. 30 (13) : 121-144, pl. 13-17

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