Shown below is an image of a specimen and a ruler. There is also a synthetic ruler overlaid on the image that measures pixel distances. We can see that 1cm has approx. 192 pixels. We can say that the image was digitized with a resolution of 192 pixels per cm or 488 dpi (dots per inch).
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Spect slice image of the heart. Image size is 64 x 64 with 256 grey levels; each pixel represents approx. a square of 6 x 6 mm.
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CT image slice of human head. Image size is 300 x 180 with 256 grey levels; each pixel represents approx. a square of 0.8 x 0.8 mm:
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