<html><head><meta name="color-scheme" content="light dark"></head><body><pre style="word-wrap: break-word; white-space: pre-wrap;">NAME
    cpantorpm - An RPM packager for perl modules

SYNOPSIS
       cpantorpm [OPTIONS] MODULE

    This script takes a perl module and creates an RPM for it.

DESCRIPTION
    This script automates the entire process of obtaining a perl module and
    turning it into an RPM package. This includes the steps of obtaining the
    module distribution, creating an RPM from it, and then making the
    package available in various ways.

    The following steps are involved in this process, and are discussed in
    more detail below:

    Obtain the perl module
    Parse various perl modules files for necessary information
    Build the package
    Generate a spec file
    Create the RPM packages
    Sign the RPM packages (optional)
    Install the RPM (optional)
    Store the RPM in a local yum repository (optional)

OPTIONS
  General Options
    The following general purpose options exist.

    -h/--help
        Prints a help message describing command usage.

    -v/--version
        Prints the version of this program.

    -D/--debug
        Enable verbose debugging output.

    -t/--tmpdir DIR
        The cpantorpm script makes use of a default directory to store all
        of it's working files in. It defaults to:

           /tmp/cpantorpm

        but can be set explicitly with this option.

    -f/--optfile FILE
        All of the options below that may be specified on the command line
        may also come from a config file. The config file may contain the
        options for any number of modules and is described below.

  Download Options
    The following options affect how a module is downloaded.

    -c/--cpan
        When downloading modules from CPAN, the script will first try to use
        CPANPLUS and, if that is not available, it will use CPAN. If this
        option is included, only CPAN will be tried.

    --extracted DIR
        Occasionally, the archive file on CPAN is broken in that the archive
        file (minus the relevent suffixes) is not the same as the archived
        directory.

        For example, the archive Foo-Bar-1.00.tar.gz contains the directory
        Foo-Bar instead of Foo-Bar-1.00 .

        Set DIR to be the name of the directory that it contains.

  Module Description Options
    Once the module is downloaded, it will be analyzed and various
    information about the module which will be used in creating the RPM is
    gathered. This includes looking at the perl META files, the main POD
    document, and the build scripts (Makefile.PL or Build.PL).

    The following options impact these operations:

    --name NAME
        By default, the name of the package will be obtained from the
        distribution name. This option can be used to explicitly set the
        name, overriding the distribution name.

        NOTE: the name of the RPM will be based on this, but will typically
        have a prefix added. See the --prefix and --no-prefix options below
        for more details.

    --summary TEXT
        Every package has a 1-line summary description. By default, this
        comes from the main POD document or the META files, but can be
        explicitly set using this option.

    --description FILE
        Every package has a multi-line description. To override the
        description that comes from the POD document, put the description in
        a local file, and pass that file name to this option.

    --mainpod FILE
        The description and summary of the module typically come from the
        main POD document, if it can be determined using the normal methods
        described below.

        In a few cases (where the POD document is named in some non-standard
        way), it may not be possible to determine which is the main POD
        document. In this case, you can specify it using this option.

        FILE is the path to the file relative to the top level in the module
        distribution. For example, it might be:

           lib/Foo/Bar.pm

    --author AUTHOR
        This lists an author for the module, overriding the values from the
        META files. This option can be included multiple times for multiple
        authors.

    --vers VERSION
        This specifies the version of the RPM. It defaults to the version of
        the package, but can be overridden here.

  SPEC File Options
    The following options are used during the SPEC file creation step:

    -n/--no-tests
    --NO-TESTS
        When creating a module RPM, typically, the module tests are run as
        part of the process. These two options can be used to modify this
        behavior.

        The first will add the lines necessary to run the tests to the SPEC
        file, but (by use of an environment variable), the tests will not be
        run when the RPM is created. In this instance, if the SPEC file is
        used to create an RPM at some later date, the tests will run (unless
        the environment variable RPMBUILD_NOTESTS is set).

        With the second option, the lines necessary to run the tests will
        not be added to the SPEC file at all.

    -d/--no-deps
    --NO-DEPS
        By default, when building an RPM, the prerequisites for the module
        will be tested.

        There are three types of prerequisites:

           prerequisites to build the module
           prerequisites to run the module tests
           prerequisites to use the installed module

        It is slightly unfortunate that RPM only recognizes two types. There
        is no way to specify requirements to run tests.

        As such, the build requirements will include those requirements to
        run the tests unless the --NO-TESTS option is given. In this case,
        requirements to run the tests will be omitted.

        If the --no-deps option is given, dependencies will not be tested
        (though they will be added to the SPEC file).

        If the --NO-DEPS option is given, dependencies will not be added to
        the SPEC file at all.

        In addition, if either of these are given, --no-tests is implied.

    --prefix PREFIX
    --no-prefix
        By default, a prefix of 'perl-' is added to the name of the package
        (or the name supplied using the --name option).

        To specify that no prefix be added, use the --no-prefix option. To
        specify an alternate prefix, use the --prefix option.

    -p/--packager PACKAGER
        Use this option to specify the name of the packager. The name of the
        packager may be suplied using the '%packager' macro in the
        ~/.rpmmacros file. If it is not there, this option must be included.

    --rpmbuild DIR
        RPMs are built in the RPM build hierarchy. This defaults to the
        value of the '%_topdir' macro, or it can be specified using this
        option.

        If this option is used, the path must be fully specified. A relative
        path will not work.

        The directory will have the following subdirectories:

           BUILD
           SOURCES
           SPECS
           SRPMS
           RPMS

    --clean-macros
        By default, macros included in the existing ~/.rpmmacros file will
        be used. With this option, that file is temporarily removed (it will
        be restored when the script exits).

    --group GROUP
        Every package is a member of a group. If this is not specified, it
        defaults to:

           Development/Libraries

    --release STRING
    --disttag STRING
        The full name of an RPM is something like:

           foo-bar-1.00-1a-noarch.rpm

        The string '1a' here consists of the release (1) and a disttag (a).
        By default, release is '1' and disttag is the macro '%{?dist}', but
        these can be overridden with these options.

    --epoch EPOCH
        This sets an epoch number in the RPM when the version number is not
        sufficient to determine the relative age of two different versions.

    --add-require FEATURE[=VERS]
    --add-provide FEATURE[=VERS]
        Every RPM has a list of features that are required in order to use
        it, and a list of features that it provides.

        In some cases, you may need to add featurs to these two lists. Both
        options may include a version:

           --add-requires Foo::Bar=0.45

    --rem-require FEATURE
    --rem-provide FEATURE
        Related to the previous options, these options allow you to remove a
        feature from the requirements list, or the list of features
        provided.

    -m, --macros
        Use the macro form of common SPEC constructs over the environment
        variable form (e.g. %{buildroot} vs $RPM_BUILD_ROOT).

    --build-rec, --test-rec, --runtime-rec
        Many modules have a list of modules that are recommended to be
        installed at build time, test time, or at run time, but they are not
        absolutely required. By default, these modules will not be included
        as requirements for the various steps. Adding these options will
        require them.

  Module Build Options
    The perl module must be built as part of the process. The following
    options are used during the build:

    --build-type TYPE
        TYPE must be 'make' or 'build' and specifies that the build must be
        done using the Makefile.PL or Build.PL files respectively (for those
        modules that have both). If that file does not exist, an error is
        triggered.

    --config STRING
        The given string is passed to either the 'perl Build.PL' or 'perl
        Makefile.PL' command used to configure the module and create a Build
        script or a Makefile. This option can be passed in any number of
        times, but only a single option should be included in each STRING.
        STRING is passed in as a command line argument:

           perl Makefile.PL STRING
           perl Build.PL STRING

        Since the arguments passed in differ when using a Makefile.PL and a
        Build.PL procedure, for safety, you should always include the
        --build-type option when using this option.

    --build STRING
        Similar to the --config option except this passes strings which are
        passed to either the './Build' or 'make' command used to actually
        build the module. This option can be passed in any number of times.

    --config-input STRING
        Sometimes, the configure step prompts for input that cannot be set
        using an environment variable. In this case, this option may be used
        to pass in a single line of input to the 'perl Build.PL' or 'perl
        Makefile.PL' command used to configure the module and create a Build
        script or a Makefile. This option can be passed in any number of
        times, but each value should include a single line of input. This
        will result in the following:

           echo STRING | perl Makefile.PL
           echo STRING | perl Build.PL

        Since the arguments passed in differ when using a Makefile.PL and a
        Build.PL procedure, for safety, you should always include the
        --build-type option when using this option.

    --build-input STRING
        Similar to the --config-input option except this passes strings
        which are passed to either the './Build' or 'make' command used to
        actually build the module. This option can be passed in any number
        of times.

    -T/--install-type TYPE
    -i/--install-base DIR
        These options allow you to specify where the module will be
        installed. By default, the module will be built to install in the
        standard perl location. In most cases, that would mean installing
        the module, documentation, and scripts in:

           BASEDIR/lib/perl5/PERLVERS
           BASEDIR/man
           BASEDIR/bin

        where BASEDIR is the place where perl is installed (which is
        typically /usr) and PERLVERS is the version directory (i.e. 5.14.2).
        To install in /usr/local instead of /usr, just use the option:

           --install-base /usr/local

        To change the module installation directory (but not the directory
        of the documentation or scripts) to either the site_perl or
        vendor_perl location, use:

           --install-type site
           --install-type vendor

        to set the module directory to be:

           BASEDIR/lib/perl5/site_perl/PERLVERS
           BASEDIR/lib/perl5/vendor_perl/PERLVERS

        respectively.

        The --install-type value must be one of:

           perl  (or core)
           site
           vendor

        and defaults to 'perl'. 'perl' and 'core' are synonyms. If this is
        passed in, it will override any default value set in the Makefile.PL
        or Build.PL scripts (so be careful about rebuilding core modules).

    --mandir STRING
        When specifying a prefix (using the --install-base option), it is
        necessary to determine where man pages should be installed relative
        to this directory.

        Most of the time, this can be determined automatically, but if your
        version of perl installs man pages by default in a completely
        separate location from where it installs libraries, it may not be
        able to be determined correctly and should be specified using this.

        The only time this would happen would be if the man pages were
        installed in one hierarchy and the libraries in a completely
        different hierarchy (i.e. man pages in /usr and libraries in /opt
        for example).

    --patch FILE
    --patch-dir DIR
    --script FILE
    --script-dir DIR
        In a few cases, a distribution cannot be properly packaged unless it
        is first modified. The modification can be done by applying a patch,
        or by running a script, or both. Patches are applied first, followed
        by scripts.

        To specify a patch file or script file, use the --patch or --script
        options. Alternately, you can specify a directory containing files
        named PACKAGE.sh or PACKAGE.diff where PACKAGE is the string that
        was passed in on the command line.

        By default, no patch or script will be used. They will only be used
        if one of these options is given.

        Scripts and patches will both be applied while in the top directory
        of the package (i.e. the directory where a Makefile.PL or Build.PL
        script exists).

        The --script-dir option has a second use. If there is a file named
        PACKAGE.build-sh in it, the lines in that file are added to the SPEC
        file at the end of the %build step.

  Options Controlling Cpantorpm Steps
    To control what steps get done, the following options are available:

    --spec-only
        By default, the script creates a SPEC file, and then builds RPMs
        (both source and binary).

        With the --spec-only option, the SPEC file is created, but no
        further action is taken.

    --no-clean
        By default, the build tree will be removed after the RPM is built.
        If this option is given, it will be left in place.

    -s/--sign
        If this option is given, a GPG signature will be added to the
        package.

        It should be noted that this step is often interactive, so if the
        installation process is scripted in any way, adding this option may
        interfere with the process.

        Please refer to the secrtion SIGN THE RPM PACKAGE for more
        information.

    -I/--install
    --install-new
    --install-force
        If any of these options are given, cpantorpm will attempt to install
        the RPM on the system after it is built. If you are running as root,
        this will be done by simply running the appropriate rpm command. If
        you are running as any other user, the command will be run using
        sudo.

        By default, the '-U' flag is given to the rpm command which will
        cause it to install the RPM if it is a new package, or an upgrade to
        an existing package.

        If the --install-new option is given, the '-i' option will be passed
        to the rpm command and the RPM will only be installable if it is a
        new package.

        If the --install-force option is used, the flags '-U --force' will
        be used which will replace an existing package, even if the same
        version is already installed.

    -y/--yum DIR
        If this option is given, the RPMs (both binary and source) will be
        copied to a local yum repository once they are built.

  Misc Options
    The following misc. options are also available:

    --gpg-path PATH
    --gpg-name NAME
        These options are used to set the path the the GPG directory (which
        contains the keyring) and the name of the key that will be used.

    --gpg-password PASSWORD
    --gpg-passfile FILE
        When signing a package, this script become interactive unless expect
        (or perl Expect) is available. If one of these is available, the
        password can be passed in at the command line (or a file containing
        the password) using one of these two commands.

    --env VAR=VAL
        Sets an environment variable before building the package. This
        option can be used any number of times.

OBTAIN THE PERL MODULE
    The perl module may be obtained in a number of different ways. The perl
    module may exist on local disk either as an archive file or a directory,
    or it can be retrieved from a URL or from CPAN.

    For example, any of the following ways could be used:

       cpantorpm Foo::Bar
       cpantorpm http://some.host.com/some/path/Foo-Bar-1.00.tar.gz
       cpantorpm /tmp/Foo-Bar-1.00.tar.gz
       cpantorpm /tmp/Foo-Bar-1.00

    When working with a CPAN module, you must use the form:

       Foo::Bar

    instead of

       Foo-Bar

    When downloading from a URL, both ftp:// and http:// URLs are supported
    (though others such as file:// and https:// are not supported at this
    time).

    For this script to work, the perl module must meet a few validity
    requirements:

    Valid name format
        The name of the distribution must be of the form:

           PACKAGE-VERS

        if obtained from a local directory, or

           PACKAGE-VERS.EXT

        if obtained from an archive (a local file, a URL, or from CPAN).
        Here VERS is any string which does NOT contain a dash (-). EXT may
        be any of the following extensions:

           .tar
           .tar.gz
           .tgz
           .tar.bz2
           .zip

    Standard install script
        The module must contain either a Build.PL or Makefile.PL script. A
        module using some other non-standard build procedure cannot be built
        with this script.

    Getting the module in each of the 4 ways requires different system
    requirements. In general, the script will try several different ways to
    get the module, and will only fail if all of the different methods fail.

    The following system requirements exist for the different ways of
    obtaining a module:

    From a local directory
        You must be able to run the system command 'cp -r' (to recursively
        copy a directory) or be able to load the module
        File::Copy::Recursive.

    From a local file
        You must be able to run the system command 'cp' (to copy a file) or
        be able to load the module File::Copy.

        In addition, you must meet additional requirements for working with
        the different types of archives as described next.

    From a URL
        To get a module from a URL, you have to have one of the following
        packages installed:

           curl
           wget
           lynx
           links
           lftp

        or be able to load one of the modules:

           LWP::UserAgent
           HTTP::Lite

        In addition, you must meet additional requirements for working with
        the different types of archives as described next.

    From CPAN
        To get a module from CPAN, you must be able to load one of the perl
        modules:

           CPANPLUS::Backend
           CPAN

        In addition, you must meet additional requirements for working with
        the different types of archives as described next.

    In each case (except for obaining a module from a local directory), once
    you have obtained the archive, you need to be able to extract it.

    To do this, you need to meet the system requirements for the appropriate
    type of archive:

    .tar, .tar.gz, .tgz files
        You need to be able to run the system 'tar' command, or be able to
        load one of the perl modules:

           Archive::Extract
           Archive::Tar

        These modules will make use of other modules to handle .gz or .bz2
        compression.

    .zip files
        You need to be able to run the system 'unzip' command, or be able to
        load one of the perl modules:

           Archive::Extract
           Archive::Zip

    Once the package is obtained, in some cases it may be necessary to apply
    patches or run a script in it to fix things that make it not suitable
    for packaging.

PARSE VARIOUS PERL MODULES FILES FOR NECESSARY INFORMATION
    Building an RPM correctly involves getting a great deal of information
    from the module. We have to know what features are provided by this
    module, what features are required by the module to run, as well as the
    description of the module, the author, etc.

    This information can be obtained by a number of different files
    including:

    Makefile.PL, Build.PL
        Currently, these are only used to determine how the module should be
        built. Although they typically contain a great deal more
        information, it is written as perl code and there is no reasonable
        way to get the information from them.

        However, one of the steps done by this script is to actually build a
        Build script or Makefile (this ensures that the perl module can be
        correctly built), and information can be extracted from them since
        they do follow regular formats.

    META.json, MYMETA.json
        For a description of the type of data stored here, please refer to
        the CPAN-Meta documentation on CPAN.

        In order to interpret a JSON file, you have to be able to load one
        of the following perl modules:

           Parse::CPAN::Meta 1.40
           JSON
           JSON::XS
           JSON::PP
           JSON::DWIW

        Most of the information can be obtained from a complete JSON file.

    META.yml, MYMETA.yml
        For a description of the type of data stored here, please refer to
        the CPAN-Meta documentation on CPAN.

        In order to interpret a YAML file, you have to be able to load one
        of the following perl modules:

           YAML
           YAML::Syck
           YAML::XS
           YAML::Tiny

        Most of the information can be obtained from a complete YAML file.

    Pod file
        In most instances, some of the information (primarily the summary
        and description of the module) must be obtained from a pod document.
        This will require one of the modules:

           Pod::Select
           Pod::Simple::TextContent

        The script will need to determine which POD file to get this
        informaion from (the primary POD file for the package). Most of the
        time, the script is able to determine which file to use, but if it
        fails, it can be manually specified using the --mainpod option.

BUILD THE PACKAGE
    The next step is to actually build the module.

    This step is a departure from the way cpanspec and cpan2rpm work. In
    both of these scripts, the SPEC file contains the procedure for building
    the perl module, but it is never tested to see if it works.

    This has a couple significant advantages:

    It ensures that the package builds
        A number of perl modules cannot be built automatically because the
        scripts are interactive. Unfortunately, the RPM build process does
        not handle this well, so what you end up with is a hanging process
        that (eventually) you will have to kill by hand. In other cases, the
        build process fails for other reasons.

        When the build process is put in the SPEC file untested, the RPM
        build process will either fail or hang.

        This script avoids many of those problems.

    It generates additional meta data
        Both cpanspec and cpan2rpm would interpret the Makefile.PL and
        Build.PL scripts directly to obtain information from them. Since
        there is no guarantee that these scripts follow any convention, I
        considered this a very poor option.

        By actually building the module, it creates either a Makefile or a
        _build hierarchy, and these DO follow regular conventions, and
        information can be obtained from them with a much greater chance of
        success.

    This script actually builds the module to ensure that it can be done. It
    watches the process to see if it enters a state where it's waiting for
    user input, and if it does, the process ends and the RPM is not built,
    and you can then go in and correct the problem (typically by installing
    some build prerequisite, or supplying a non-standard option to the build
    process, or in the worst case, by providing a patch to the module source
    that removes the interactive nature.

GENERATE A SPEC FILE
    Much of the process of generating a spec file is taken from the cpanspec
    package.

    The first step in creating a SPEC file is to determine where the RPM
    build hierachy lives (since that is where the SPEC file will live). This
    script supports using the standard build hierarchy, or specifying an
    alternate location.

    If the --rpmbuild option is used, it is used to specify the location of
    the build hierarchy. Otherwise, the standard location will be used. If a
    location is specified, and if there is a ~/.rpmmacros file present, the
    ~/.rpmmacros file must not contain the macro %_topdir that is different
    than the one specified by the --rpmbuild option. If the macro does
    exist, you can use the --rpm-clean option to specify a clean version of
    the .rpmmacros file be used.

    The SPEC file created by this script does deviate from the recommended
    form in one respect. The recommended way to handle the list of
    requirements and the list of features provided by an RPM is to leave out
    these lists in the SPEC file and allow rpmbuild to generate them
    automatically. In the SPEC file, you only list changes to the defaults.
    In other words, you can add features that are required or that the
    package provides that were not picked up automatically, or you can add
    lines to the SPEC file to filter out features that you do not want the
    rpm to depend on or provide.

    Unfortunately, even though adding prerequisites and provided features
    works well, removing them does not work nearly as smoothly. The methods
    for filtering prerequisites and features does not work well cross
    platform (attempts that worked for redhat would not work for openSuSE
    for example).

    As a result, I do not let the SPEC file tell rpmbuild to generate these
    lists. Instead, I generate the lists (using the standard rpm utilities
    when available, or using an included script when they are not) and
    explicitly put them in the SPEC file.

CREATE THE RPM PACKAGES
    Once the SPEC file is done, the RPM can be created using the standard
    RPM tool 'rpmbuild'.

    It uses the standard RPM file structure and creates both a source RPM
    and a binary RPM.

SIGN THE RPM PACKAGES
    This is an optional step. If can be used to embed a GPG signature in the
    package.

    In order sign a package, you must have a GPG key available. You must
    have the gpg package installed on your system and you must have at least
    one GPG key created.

    The path to the GPG directory be specified by one of the following:

       the value of the --gpg-path option

       the value of the %_gpg_path rpm macro

       the value determined by gpg using any currently
       set environment variables

    If no keyring is found, signing is not available.

    The key to use is specified by:

       the value of the --gpg-name option

       the value of the %_gpg_name rpm macro

       the only key in the keyring (if the keyring
       contains exactly one key)

    If the key cannot be uniquely determined, signing is not available.

    The rpm command to sign a package is interactive. In order to script
    everything, it is necessary to use a tool like expect. If such a tool is
    not available, and if you are signing packages, this script will be
    interactive. Currently, if the expect program is installed or the perl
    Expect module is available, signing can be done non-interactively if
    either the --gpg-passwd or --gpg-passfile options are passed in.

INSTALL THE RPM
    This is an optional step.

    After the RPM is successfully built, it can be installed on the system.
    This will be done in one of two ways. If you are running this as root,
    it will simply use the rpm command. Otherwise, it will use sudo to run
    the rpm command.

STORE THE RPM IN A LOCAL YUM REPOSITORY
    This is an optional step.

    If the --yum DIR option is passed in, the RPMs (both source and binary)
    are copied in to a local yum repository. The repository is stored at DIR
    and should have the following directories:

       RPMS
       SRPMS

    RPMs will be stored in either the RPMS/&lt;arch&gt; directory (if it exists)
    or directly in the RPMS directory. &lt;arch&gt; is typicall something like
    'noarch' or 'x86_64'.

CONFIG FILE
    A config file can be created which sets options on a per-module basis.
    It can be either a YAML file (ending in .yaml or .yml) or a JSON file
    (ending in .json).

    A sample YAML file is:

       ---
       Crypt::SSLeay:
          - --config=--default

       Foo::Bar:
          - --name Foobar

    Each line should contain one option of any of the forms:

       --opt=val
       --opt val
       -o    val

    If val contains spaces, you should NOT put quotes around it. Use:

       --summary This is the summary

    instead of:

       --summary "This is the summary"

SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS
    This script will try to function under many different situations, and it
    will often try multiple methods to accomplish a task, and many of those
    methods will be available on any common linux configuration. As such, a
    rigorous list of system requirements is overly complicated and won't be
    listed here. In the event that the script fails, it will list the
    methods tried and you can make sure that one of them will function on
    your host.

    The most common requirements will be listed here. In all probability, if
    you meet these requirements, this script will run.

    Since the most common way to obtain a module will be from CPAN, you will
    need one of the following modules installed and correctly configured:

       CPAN
       CPANPLUS

    To make sure it's configured, make sure you can run cpan or cpanp at the
    command line and have it work.

    If you will be applying patches to a package, you will need the patch
    command.

    You also need to be able to read both YAML and JSON files included in
    almost every module. This means that you will need one JSON module
    installed out of the following:

       JSON
       JSON::XS
       JSON::PP
       JSON::DWIW

    and one YAML module from the following:

       YAML
       YAML::Syck
       YAML::XS
       YAML::Tiny

    You will also need to be able to examine POD files using one of the
    following modules:

       Pod::Select
       Pod::Simple::TextContent

    You'll should have:

       Module::Build
       Module::Build::Tiny
       ExtUtils::MakeMaker

    installed in order to build modules that use the Build.PL and
    Makefile.PL scripts (both Module::Build and Module::Build::Tiny are
    supported).

    In order to build the rpm, you need the rpmbuild program.

    This script also relies on the strace program. This is necessary because
    many Makefile.PL and Build.PL scripts are interactive so when you run
    them, they hang waiting for input. Unfortunately, I was not able to find
    any pure perl way to run a program as a child (or in a thread) and
    monitor it to see if it's still running because it's doing work, or
    still running because it's waiting on user input. Though somewhat crude,
    strace can be used to determine that.

    In order to sign packages, you must have the gpg program installed, and
    you must have a key set up to sign with. In order to do this
    non-interactively, you also need either the Expect module or the expect
    program installed.

    In order to install the package, you either must be running as root, or
    have the sudo program. The sudo command may be interactive, depending on
    how you have it set up.

    In order to install RPMs in a yum repository, the repository must exist.

HISTORY
    This script is based loosely on Erick Calder's cpan2rpm script and
    Steven Pritchard's cpanspec script. Initially, I set out to modify one
    or the other of them, but I found that the modifications that I felt
    necessary were extensive enough that I decided a fresh implementation
    was both faster and cleaner.

    cpan2rpm
        cpan2rpm had basically the full functionality that I wanted. It
        would download a module, write a spec file for it, create an RPM,
        and then install it. The only functionality that was missing was
        some simple functionality to add it to a local yum repository. That
        would have been very simple to add. However, it suffered from
        several other significant problems.

        cpan2rpm is old. It has not been supported since 2003. It has
        virtually no support for modules built using Build.PL scripts, and
        adding it would have been quite complicated.

        cpan2rpm is also not written as cleanly, or in a style that I'd like
        to maintain, so it would take a bit of cleaning up to turn it into
        something I'd want to maintain.

        The main problem though is how it gets information from the
        Makefile.PL script. In order to get all of the information necessary
        to create a SPEC file, there's a lot of information about the module
        that needs to be examined. Much of that information is stored in the
        various META files in any new module distribution. None of that is
        used in cpan2rpm (which predates most of them), so that would have
        to be added. However, even with the META files, some information
        comes from the Makefile.PL (or Build.PL script) such as the default
        install location.

        Since the data is in a script, cpan2rpm tries to be intelligent
        about extracting the information. It loads in the Makefile.PL
        script, modifies it (by turning 'exit' into 'return') and evals it.
        The theory is that by eval'ing it, you end up with the appropriate
        data structure that you can examine.

        The modifications that it makes are completely unjustified though.
        It makes drastic assumptions about what the Makefile.PL file looks
        like, and I can think of any number of cases where turning 'exit'
        into 'return' won't produce the result you want.

        As such, cpan2rpm's handling of the Makefile.PL file needed to be
        replaced entirely (and since that makes up a significant portion of
        the script, that justified a complete rewrite).

        In addition, if the script contained in Makefile.PL is interactive,
        cpan2rpm hangs silently while trying to eval it, and there is no
        easy way to determine what is causing it to hang.

    cpanspec
        cpanspec is much cleaner in most respects. It is well written,
        handles both Makefile.PL and Build.PL installs, and handles all of
        the new META files.

        However, it has a few other problems.

        It was written specifically for redhat distributions (redhat,
        centos, fedora) and hardcodes some of the redhat specific paths in
        it. Other RPM based distributions (such as OpenSuSE which I use) use
        different paths. At the very least, the cpanspec file would need to
        be modified to add options to override the defaults.

        cpanspec also makes assumptions about where you want to install the
        modules. It will only install in the vendor location of the primary
        perl installation. If you want to install them anywhere else, you
        are out of luck.

        But the single biggest weakness was how it handles the Makefile.PL
        and Build.PL scripts. Rather than evaluating the code, cpanspec just
        opens them and tries to parse information from them.

        Again, given that these are perl scripts, the only reliable way to
        parse them is to actually use the perl interpreter. Although most
        modern modules include Makefile.PL or Build.PL scripts that follow
        certain conventions, it is by no means guaranteed, so I was not
        satisfied with this assumption.

        As with cpan2rpm, cpanspec does not deal with interactive installs.
        It simply shuffles the problem to another location. In this case,
        once the SPEC file is created, it is necessary to run rpmbuild, and
        this will hang.

    Due to the weaknesses in both of the existing alternatives, I decided a
    clean rewrite was in order. The goals were:

    Beginning-to-end functionality
        cpantorpm will download the module from CPAN, create the SPEC file,
        generate an RPM, install it, and store the RPM in a local YUM
        repository for other hosts to use.

    Cross platform
        cpantorpm will work on any RPM based distribution (though this is
        only tested on redhat and OpenSuSE to date). Also, many of the steps
        can be done in many different ways, different one of which may be
        available by default platforms, so most steps will try more than one
        way to accomplish the task.

        For example, to download a module, cpantorpm will use the CPAN
        module, the CPANPLUS module, and various tools to download via HTTP
        (such as wget, curl, etc.).

    Correctly handle Makefile.PL and Build.PL
        The only way to correctly handle these scripts is to actually build
        the module. The files generated contain all of the information in a
        standard format, and we can get it without making any assumptions
        about the format of these scripts.

    Handle interactive installs
        Many installs are potentially interactive. If you are missing
        prerequisites, many modules will stop and ask you if you want to
        install them first.

        cpantorpm traps this behavior and allows you to handle it, rather
        than hanging for an unknown reason.

        Note: by 'handle it', it will not try to install them. Rather, the
        cpantorpm script will let you know what was being asked, and then
        exit, and at that point, it's up to you to correct the problem. A
        future version of cpantorpm may include some automatic handling of
        missing prerequisites which is the primary cause of interactive
        installs hanging.

    All that being said, I have borrowed ideas (and in rare instances, code)
    freely from cpanspec and cpan2rpm. I'm very grateful to the authors of
    both cpan2rpm and cpanspec who's work has made mine much easier.

    Hopefully, cpantorpm takes the best of both worlds and improves on that.

KNOWN BUGS
    None known.

BUGS AND QUESTIONS
    If you find a bug in cpantorpm, there are three ways to send it to me.
    In order of preference, they are:

    GitHub
        You can submit it as an issue on GitHub. This can be done at the
        following URL:

        &lt;https://github.com/SBECK-github/App-CPANtoRPM&gt;

        This is the preferred method. Please submit problems requests as
        GitHub issues if at all possible.

    Direct email
        You are welcome to send it directly to me by email. The email
        address to use is: sbeck@cpan.org.

        Please note that because cpan.org addresses are published, they are
        used by a lot of spammers and phishers. Please include the word
        cpantorpm in the subject line of ALL messages sent to my cpan.org
        address or it will likely be missed.

    CPAN Bug Tracking
        You can submit it using the CPAN tracking tool. This can be done at
        the following URL:

        &lt;http://rt.cpan.org/Public/Dist/Display.html?Name=App-CPANtoRPM&gt;

        There was discussion of halting this service a while back (though it
        continues to function), so only use this as a last resort.

    Please do not use other means to report bugs (such as forums for a
    specific OS or Linux distribution) as it is impossible for me to keep up
    with all of them. These are the current methods that are guaranteed to
    notify me.

    When filing a bug report, please include the following information:

    cpantorpm version
        Please include the version of cpantorpm you are using. You can get
        this by running:

           cpantorpm -v

    If you find any problems with the documentation (errors, typos, or items
    that are not clear), please send them to me. I welcome any suggestions
    that will allow me to improve the documentation.

SEE ALSO
    cpan2rpm - Erick Calder's script to generate RPMs

    cpanspec - Steven Pritchard's script to generate spec files

LICENSE
    This script is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
    under the same terms as Perl itself.

AUTHOR
    Sullivan Beck (sbeck@cpan.org)

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